Effect of Planting Geometry on Growth, Water Productivity, and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes under Different Soil Moisture Regimes

The present study investigated the impact of planting spacing on tomato crop growth, water productivity, and fruit quality under different regimes. Thus, a field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement treatments. plants were grown at three patterns: 30 cm row-to-row spacing, 60 90 which marked as (G1), (G2), (G3), respectively. For each pattern, irrigation regimes, namely (I1), (I2), (I3), established by setting soil moisture content to 50%, 100%, 150% reference evapotranspiration. I3 × G2 combination resulted maximum values plant height (68.2 cm), stem diameter (12.1 mm), yield (41,269.9 kg/hm2), providing highest contents protein (1.93 mg/kg), fat (0.81%), fiber (3.94%), lycopene (4.00 mg/kg) fresh fruit. Conversely, I1 G1 led minimum (37.3 (5.65 (7814.7 lowest (1.15 (0.50%), (2.39%), (2.15 had productivity (25.06 kg/m3) value, while WP (10.23 value achieved G3. While G3 treatment minimized uniformity coefficient distribution uniformity, maximized their values, indicating more uniform distribution. Our findings indicate that can increase quality. However, performed better terms productivity. results this positively contribute improving production systems’ sustainability, increasing problem climate change.